Periodontal disease is an infection of the gums that can gradually destroy the support system for your natural teeth. Various types of periodontal disease require different treatment approaches. However, the primary cause of gum disease is dental plaque, especially in people with a genetic susceptibility to the condition. Good oral hygiene, including daily brushing and flossing, can prevent most periodontal diseases.
Oral hygiene is critical, especially for adults over 35, who are more likely to lose teeth to gum diseases than cavities. Three out of four adults are affected by gum disease at some point in their life. Good tooth brushing and flossing techniques can prevent cavities and periodontal disease.
Bacterial plaque is the leading cause of periodontal disease and decay. Plaque is a colourless film that sticks to your teeth at the gum line and constantly forms on your teeth. You can remove the germs and prevent periodontal disease by brushing and flossing daily.
Periodontal diseases can be accelerated by several factors, including smoking, diabetes, stress, teeth clenching and grinding, medication, and poor nutrition. However, the primary cause is the bacteria found in dental plaque. If plaque is not removed by brushing and flossing daily, it hardens into a rough, porous substance known as calculus or tartar.
The bacteria in plaque produce toxins or poisons that irritate the gums, causing them to turn red, swell, and bleed easily. Prolonged irritation leads to the formation of pockets or spaces between the gums and teeth. As periodontal disease progresses, the supporting gum tissue and bone that hold teeth in place deteriorate, eventually leading to tooth loss.
Effective daily brushing, flossing, regular professional examinations, and cleanings are the best ways to prevent gum disease. Unfortunately, even with diligent home dental care, people can still develop periodontal disease. Once the disease starts, professional intervention is necessary to prevent its progression. This is where periodontal maintenance comes in. Periodontal maintenance involves regularly scheduled professional cleanings and checkups to help prevent gum disease progression and maintain oral health.